Base64 encoding is a method for encoding data, especially binary data, into a string of ASCII characters. It is often used to transmit binary files or data over media that only supports ASCII text, such as email or web pages. The process divides the input data into 6-bit blocks, with each block then translated into a corresponding ASCII character based on a table of 64 characters (hence the name Base64).
HTML-Encoding
HTML encoding is a mechanism for converting reserved or non-printable characters into a form suitable for display in HTML documents. This is necessary because some characters in HTML have special meanings, such as <, >, &, which are used to define tags and entities. To be able to display these characters as literal text within an HTML document without the browser interpreting them as code.
URL-Encoding
URL encoding is used to replace certain characters with a two-digit hexadecimal number followed by a percent sign (%). This is necessary because URLs can only safely transmit a limited amount of characters. Reserved characters that have special meaning in a URL (such as ?, &, /, :), as well as unsafe characters such as spaces or non-ASCII characters, must be encoded to avoid misunderstandings in the interpretation of the URL.
Cäsar Cipher
The Caesar cipher is one of the simplest encryption techniques. It is a substitution cipher in which each letter in plain text is replaced by a letter that is a fixed number of positions further in the alphabet. This shift is called the key of the cipher.
Vigenére Cipher
The Vigenère cipher uses a series of different Caesar ciphers based on a keyword. The technique represents an improvement over the simple Caesar cipher because it uses polyalphabetic substitution, which involves the use of multiple substitution alphabets.
AES Cipher (128 Bit-CBC)
The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is a symmetric encryption standard used for secure data transmission and storage. AES uses block cipher to encrypt data in fixed block sizes with key lengths of 128, 192, or 256 bits.
